Petroleum diesel, or petro-diesel, as it is sometimes referred to, is produced from crude oil in a process called fractional distillation. A mixture of carbon chains between 8 and 10 carbon atoms in length is produced.
Biodiesel, like petrodiesel, is made from long chain hydrocarbons, the difference being that the hydrocarbons used to form biodiesel come from reneweable plant or animal oil. Oil undergoes a process called transesterification where the fatty acids of the oil are converted into compounds generally known as methyl esters.
Publication Date: 2013
Explores the effects of biodiesel usage on injection, fuel spray, combustion, and tribology characteristics, and engine performance. It also details optimization procedures of diesel engine characteristics using practical examples.
eBook: Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel
eBook: Chemistry of Fossil Fuels & Biofuels
Hydrogen's role in transportation (Department of Energy)
Hydrogen and fuel cell benefits (Connecticut Hydrogen Fuel Cell Coalition)
Clean hydrogen? – Comparing the emissions and costs of fossil fuel versus renewable electricity based hydrogen (Elsevier Science Direct)
An emission analysis study of hydrogen powered vehicles (Elsevier Science Direct)
Comparative analysis of cost, emissions and fuel consumption of diesel, natural gas, electric and hydrogen urban buses (Elsevier Science Direct)
Specialty Polymers
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Polymers make an enormous contribution to modern life, and include plastic mouldings and extrusions, plastic film and sheet, plastic laminates (fibreglass and formica) rubber gloves, hoses, tyres and sealing rings, fibres for textiles and carpets and so on, cellular products for cushioning and thermal insulation, adhesives and coating materials such as paints and varnishes. The majority of these polymers are synthetic and are derived from oil products. The most important of these in terms of tonnage used are polymers based upon styrene, vinyl chloride, ethylene, propylene and butadiene among plastics and rubber materials, and nylons, polyethylenetere phthalate and polyacrylonitrile among fibres.
University of Bath: Plastic surgery - Chemistry experts unite to make plastics fit for the future.
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Zotero can be set to the same Harvard AGPS (Australia) style that CiteAce uses, called 'Melbourne Polytechnic - Harvard'. Please read the instructions carefully.
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Chemistry Exemplar from QCAA
CLAIM: Natural shampoos are better than synthetic shampoos.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Are natural shampoos better cleaners than synthetic shampoos based on surface tension, wetting time, solid content, detergency and foaming ability?
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Highly respected Science journal. Login with email: jking@bbc.qld.edu.au. Use the little magnifying glass symbol in the top toolbar to search.
From Mrs Allen:
1. START EARLY
2. ASSIGNMENT BREAKDOWN
a. First 10% - General Reading (This is where your ideas are shaped, read 3-6 sources of VARIETY)
b. 10% - 40/50% - Active Notetaking (This is where you collect & collate evidence & info)
c. 40-50% - 80% - Organisation of Ideas (This is where you construct the structure of your essay, and allocate the number of words for each part).
d. 80% - 100% - Writing (This is where you write the assignment as streamlined as possible)
A free chemical structure database providing fast access to over 100 million structures, properties, and associated information
The UK's professional body for chemists. Responsible for advancing excellence, connecting chemical scientists and shaping the future of the chemical sciences for the benefit of humanity.
A monthly chemistry news magazine published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It addresses current events in world of chemistry including research, international business news and government policy as it affects the chemical science community,
Royal Australian Chemical Institute. Acts as the key body advocating the interests and activities of the chemical sciences with over 4000 members across Australia
American Chemical Society. One of the world’s largest scientific organisations. Mission is to advance the broader chemistry enterprise and its practitioners for the benefit of Earth and its people.
The world authority on chemical nomenclature (names) and terminology, including the naming of new elements in the periodic table; on standardized methods for measurement; and on atomic weights, and many other critically-evaluated data.
The world's most comprehensive and authoritative source of news about chemistry and related fields
The world’s largest collection of open access research papers
An inclusive journal community which believes all rigorous science needs to be published and discoverable, widely disseminated and freely accessible to all
A free distribution service and an open archive for scholarly articles in the fields of science
An American website that aggregates press releases and publishes lightly edited press releases about science
Breaks down the stories behind the most interesting news and photos on the Internet.
A network of not-for-profit media outlets that publish news stories on the Internet that are written by academics and researchers
The NCBI advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.
Google Scholar's searches are set to cover scholarly material more often than 'regular' Google. Google Scholar's searches are set to cover scholarly material more often than 'regular' Google. Read the article below on the advantages an disadvantages of using it.
TIP: To get PDFs only, type in 'filetype:pdf'. It's great!
Google Books can be very frustrating because often much of the book is missing and you are expected to purchase it to read the full content. So after you put in your search term you are interested in (eg biodiesel), and get some results up, you should then go immediately to the search box (on the left - above 'About this box') and type in a particular word or term you are interested in (eg CO2 emissions OR methanol) you should get a number of pages pop up. Choose one that looks useful - you should get some good results this way!